Present simplePresent Simple (czas teraźniejszy)
| I | close |
|---|---|
| you | close |
| he/she/it | closes |
| we | close |
| you | close |
| they | close |
Więcej na ten temat: Present Simple
Odmiana czasownika close
- Znaczenie zamykać
- Poziom A1
- Wzorzec regularne
Cechy tego czasownika
- Szczególna pisownia z „-ing” (nieme e znika, spółgłoska się podwaja, „-ie” zmienia się w „-y”): closing. → Present Continuous
Pogrubione i podkreślone: końcówka. ◆ oznacza formę, która nie trzyma się zasady.
Tryb oznajmujący
Past simplePast Simple (czas przeszły)
| I | closed |
|---|---|
| you | closed |
| he/she/it | closed |
| we | closed |
| you | closed |
| they | closed |
Więcej na ten temat: Past Simple
Present perfectPresent Perfect
| I | have closed |
|---|---|
| you | have closed |
| he/she/it | has closed |
| we | have closed |
| you | have closed |
| they | have closed |
Więcej na ten temat: Present Perfect
Past perfectPast Perfect (czas zaprzeszły)
| I | had closed |
|---|---|
| you | had closed |
| he/she/it | had closed |
| we | had closed |
| you | had closed |
| they | had closed |
Więcej na ten temat: Past Perfect
Future (will)czas przyszły z „will”
| I | will close |
|---|---|
| you | will close |
| he/she/it | will close |
| we | will close |
| you | will close |
| they | will close |
Więcej na ten temat: „will”
Future perfectFuture Perfect (czas przyszły dokonany)
| I | will have closed |
|---|---|
| you | will have closed |
| he/she/it | will have closed |
| we | will have closed |
| you | will have closed |
| they | will have closed |
Tryb warunkowy
Conditional (would)tryb warunkowy z „would”
| I | would close |
|---|---|
| you | would close |
| he/she/it | would close |
| we | would close |
| you | would close |
| they | would close |
Więcej na ten temat: Zdanie z „if”, typ 2
Conditional perfecttryb warunkowy przeszły z „would have”
| I | would have closed |
|---|---|
| you | would have closed |
| he/she/it | would have closed |
| we | would have closed |
| you | would have closed |
| they | would have closed |
Formy Continuous
Present progressivePresent Continuous
| I | am closing |
|---|---|
| you | are closing |
| he/she/it | is closing |
| we | are closing |
| you | are closing |
| they | are closing |
Więcej na ten temat: Present Continuous
Past progressivePast Continuous
| I | was closing |
|---|---|
| you | were closing |
| he/she/it | was closing |
| we | were closing |
| you | were closing |
| they | were closing |
Więcej na ten temat: Past Continuous
Present perfect progressivePresent Perfect Continuous
| I | have been closing |
|---|---|
| you | have been closing |
| he/she/it | has been closing |
| we | have been closing |
| you | have been closing |
| they | have been closing |
Więcej na ten temat: Present Perfect Continuous
Past perfect progressivePast Perfect Continuous
| I | had been closing |
|---|---|
| you | had been closing |
| he/she/it | had been closing |
| we | had been closing |
| you | had been closing |
| they | had been closing |
Future progressiveFuture Continuous
| I | will be closing |
|---|---|
| you | will be closing |
| he/she/it | will be closing |
| we | will be closing |
| you | will be closing |
| they | will be closing |
Tryb rozkazujący
Imperativetryb rozkazujący, twierdzący
| you | close |
|---|---|
| we | let's close |
Więcej na ten temat: Tryb rozkazujący
Formy nieosobowe
Infinitive and participlesbezokolicznik, forma -ing, imiesłów
| infinitive | close |
|---|---|
| to-infinitive | to close |
| -ing form | closing |
| past participle | closed |
Więcej na ten temat: Czasowniki nieregularne · Czasowniki z „-ing”
Przykładowe zdania z kursu
Każde zdanie pochodzi z list słówek albo z tematów gramatycznych tego kursu. Forma czasownika jest wyróżniona; wiersz pod spodem mówi, jaki to czas i jaka osoba.
All the shops were closed.Wszystkie sklepy były zamknięte.
closed – Past simple · I; Past simple · you
She reached the platform as the doors were closing.Dotarła na peron, gdy drzwi się zamykały.
closing – -ing form
The flood closed the road.Powódź zamknęła drogę.
closed – Past simple · I; Past simple · you
The line is currently closed.Linia jest obecnie zamknięta.
closed – Past simple · I; Past simple · you
The shop is closed on Tuesday.We wtorek sklep jest zamknięty.
closed – Past simple · I; Past simple · you
The shops are closed at Easter.W Wielkanoc sklepy są zamknięte.
closed – Past simple · I; Past simple · you
Więcej przykładowych zdań
Close your eyes and count to ten.Zamknij oczy i policz do dziesięciu.
The museum closes at five on Mondays.W poniedziałki muzeum zamyka się o piątej.
The factory closed in 2015.Fabrykę zamknięto w 2015 roku.
Typowe błędy osób mówiących po polsku
Źle Close the door on the key.
Dobrze Lock the door.
Polskie „zamknąć na klucz” to po angielsku jedno słowo: lock. Dosłowne on the key nie ma sensu.
Częste połączenia wyrazowe
- close a deal — sfinalizować transakcję
- close an account — zamknąć konto
- close down a shop — zlikwidować sklep
Czasowniki, które łatwo pomylić
Krótkie ćwiczenie
Luki: 5 – najpierw z przykładowych zdań powyżej, potem z tabeli. Każda odpowiedź liczy się do twoich powtórek.
Dalej
Czasowniki o tym samym wzorcu
Powiązane tematy gramatyczne
Formy są wyliczane z zasad języka – dwa razy, dwiema niezależnymi drogami – i porównywane z każdą formą wpisaną ręcznie w tym kursie. Przykładowe zdania to własne zdania kursu.