C1 · 50 words
Forest and timber in Spanish
Stand, tending, felling, sawn timber — a crop counted in decades.
Practise this list
From these 50 words, as many per round as you like — up to all of them: first what is due today, then new ones. First you choose, then you fill the gap, then you write it yourself. Mistakes come back again shortly.
More about this list
La dehesa is a landscape English has no word for, which is why English writing about it borrows the Spanish one. It is grazing land with old oaks standing far apart in it — not a wood, because the light reaches the grass; not a field, because the trees are the point. The pigs eat the acorns, the sheep eat the grass, the cork comes off the trunks, and the whole thing is a farm that takes a century to make. The name comes from defensa: land fenced off and defended from common grazing, and the word kept the fence long after the fence was gone.
The words
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Phrase (32)
la masa forestalthe standing trees as a cropPhraseC1
La masa forestal se inventaría cada diez años.The standing trees as a crop are surveyed every ten years.
el monte públicothe wood in public handsPhraseC1
El monte público lo gestiona la comunidad.The wood in public hands is run by the region.
el plan de gestión forestalthe plan the wood is worked toPhraseC1
El plan de gestión forestal dura veinte años.The plan the wood is worked to runs twenty years.
el turno de cortathe years from planting to fellingPhraseC1
El turno de corta es de ochenta años.The years from planting to felling are eighty.
el pie de árbolthe single tree as a unit of countingPhraseC1
Quedan cuatrocientos pies de árbol por hectárea.Four hundred single trees are left to the hectare.
la densidad del rodalhow close the trees standPhraseC1
La densidad del rodal es demasiado alta.How close the trees stand is too close.
la regeneración naturalthe young trees that come up by themselvesPhraseC1
La regeneración natural funcionó sola.The young trees that come up by themselves came without help.
el plantón forestalthe young tree raised for planting outPhraseC1
El plantón forestal viene en cepellón.The young tree raised for planting out comes with its root ball.
el vivero forestalthe nursery that raises themPhraseC1
El vivero forestal produce especies locales.The nursery that raises them grows local species.
la especie autóctonathe species that belongs herePhraseC1
La especie autóctona resiste mejor la sequía.The species that belongs here stands drought better.
la biomasa forestalthe woody material burnt for energyPhraseC1
La biomasa forestal se astilla en el monte.The woody material burnt for energy is chipped in the wood.
la poda de formaciónthe early cutting that shapes the treePhraseC1
La poda de formación se hace joven.The early cutting that shapes the tree is done young.
el diámetro normalthe width measured at chest heightPhraseC1
El diámetro normal se mide a uno treinta.The width measured at chest height is taken at one thirty.
la corteza del árbolthe bark of the treePhraseC1
La corteza del árbol se descascarilla.The bark of the tree comes off in flakes.
el anillo de crecimientothe ring of one year's growthPhraseC1
El anillo de crecimiento fue estrecho ese año.The ring of one year's growth was narrow that year.
el nudo de la maderathe knot a branch leaves in the woodPhraseC1
El nudo de la madera baja la clase.The knot a branch leaves in the wood lowers the grade.
la fibra de la maderathe grain of the woodPhraseC1
La fibra de la madera va torcida.The grain of the wood runs crooked.
el secado de la maderathe drying of the woodPhraseC1
El secado de la madera dura seis meses al aire.The drying of the wood takes six months in the air.
la humedad de equilibriothe moisture the wood settles atPhraseC1
La humedad de equilibrio es del doce por ciento.The moisture the wood settles at is twelve per cent.
la contracción de la maderathe shrinking of the woodPhraseC1
La contracción de la madera es mayor en tangencial.The shrinking of the wood is greater across the ring.
la tabla aserradathe sawn boardPhraseC1
La tabla aserrada tiene dos centímetros de grueso.The sawn board is two centimetres thick.
el tablón de maderathe thick plankPhraseC1
El tablón de madera aguanta el peso.The thick plank carries the weight.
el tablero contrachapadothe board glued from thin layersPhraseC1
El tablero contrachapado no se alabea.The board glued from thin layers does not twist.
la madera laminadathe beam glued from boardsPhraseC1
La madera laminada cubre luces grandes.The beam glued from boards spans a wide room.
la clase resistentethe strength gradePhraseC1
La clase resistente va marcada en el canto.The strength grade is stamped on the edge.
el tratamiento de la maderathe treatment against rot and insectsPhraseC1
El tratamiento de la madera es en autoclave.The treatment against rot and insects is done under pressure.
el hongo xilófagothe fungus that eats woodPhraseC1
El hongo xilófago necesita humedad.The fungus that eats wood needs damp.
la certificación forestalthe certificate that the wood was well grownPhraseC1
La certificación forestal se audita cada año.The certificate that the wood was well grown is audited yearly.
la trazabilidad de la maderathe trail back from board to standPhraseC1
La trazabilidad de la madera llega hasta el rodal.The trail back from board to stand reaches the block it came from.
la tala ilegalthe felling done against the lawPhraseC1
La tala ilegal cayó con el control.The felling done against the law fell away with the checks.
la vía de sacathe track the logs are dragged alongPhraseC1
La vía de saca daña menos si va marcada.The track the logs are dragged along does less harm if it is marked.
la compactación del suelothe packing down of the soil by machinesPhraseC1
La compactación del suelo tarda décadas en revertir.The packing down of the soil by machines takes decades to undo.
Noun (f) (7)
Grammar for these: Masculine or feminine · The plural
la clarathe taking out of some trees to give the rest roomNoun (f)C1
La clara quita un tercio de los pies.The taking out of some trees to give the rest room removes a third.
la repoblaciónthe planting of a bare areaNoun (f)C1
La repoblación necesita riego dos veranos.The planting of a bare area needs watering for two summers.
la coníferathe needle treeNoun (f)C1
La conífera crece más rápido.The needle tree grows faster.
la frondosathe broadleaved treeNoun (f)C1
La frondosa da mejor madera.The broadleaved tree gives better timber.
la alburathe pale young wood outside itNoun (f)C1
La albura se pudre antes.The pale young wood outside it rots first.
la carcomathe woodwormNoun (f)C1
La carcoma dejó un polvillo fino.The woodworm left a fine dust.
la dehesathe oak pastureNoun (f)C1
La dehesa combina árbol y pasto.The oak pasture puts trees and grazing together.
Noun (m) (11)
Grammar for these: Masculine or feminine · The plural
el rodalthe block of one age and one kindNoun (m)C1
El rodal se plantó en 1975.The block of one age and one kind was planted in 1975.
el sotobosquethe bushes under the treesNoun (m)C1
El sotobosque alimenta el fuego.The bushes under the trees feed a fire.
el desbrocethe clearing of the undergrowthNoun (m)C1
El desbroce se hace antes del verano.The clearing of the undergrowth is done before summer.
el apeothe fellingNoun (m)C1
El apeo se dirige con cuña.The felling is steered with a wedge.
el troncothe trunkNoun (m)C1
El tronco mide medio metro de diámetro.The trunk is half a metre across.
el duramenthe dark hard wood at the coreNoun (m)C1
El duramen es más oscuro y más duro.The dark hard wood at the core is darker and harder.
el aserradothe cutting of logs into boardsNoun (m)C1
El aserrado se hace en la propia comarca.The cutting of logs into boards is done locally.
el aserraderothe sawmillNoun (m)C1
El aserradero trabaja a dos turnos.The sawmill works two shifts.
el alabeothe twist that drying leavesNoun (m)C1
El alabeo apareció al secar demasiado rápido.The twist that drying leaves came of drying too fast.
el corchothe corkNoun (m)C1
El corcho se saca cada nueve años.The cork is taken off every nine years.
el descorchethe stripping of the corkNoun (m)C1
El descorche se hace a mano con hacha.The stripping of the cork is done by hand with an axe.
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This list belongs to Nature and natural sciences — 31 lists and 1 550 words that can also be practised as a whole.