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B1 · 40 words
Character and mood in Turkish
Generous or mean, stubborn or helpful, calm or tense — and how to talk about moods, anger and longing.
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Ways to practise
From these 40 words, as many per round as you like — up to all of them: first what is due today, then new ones. First you choose, then you fill the gap, then you write it yourself. Mistakes come back again shortly.
More about this list Many qualities are built from a noun: -li “with”, -siz “without”, much like English -ful and -less — umut → umutlu, umutsuz “hopeful, hopeless”, sabır → sabırsız “impatient”. Turkish likes to express a mood with a noun and a possessive ending: moralim bozuk “I am feeling down”, literally “my morale is broken”; keyfim yerinde “I am in a good mood”; canım sıkıldı “I am fed up”. Whom you admire is in the dative: sana hayranım “I admire you”.
The words
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Noun (10)
Grammar for these: No article, no gender · The plural with -ler and -lar
kaygı anxiety, worry Noun B1 Sınavdan önce biraz kaygı normaldir. A bit of anxiety before an exam is normal.
sevinç joy Noun B1 Haberi duyunca sevinçten ağladı. When she heard the news she cried for joy.
The ç softens before an ending: sevinci .
hüzün sadness, melancholy Noun B1 Eski fotoğraflara bakınca içime bir hüzün çöktü. Looking at the old photos, a sadness came over me.
The ü drops before an ending: hüznü .
öfke anger, rage Noun B1 Öfkesini kontrol etmeye çalışıyor. He is trying to control his anger.
pişmanlık regret Noun B1 O kararı verdiğim için hiç pişmanlık duymuyorum. I have no regrets at all about that decision.
hasret longing Noun B1 Yıllardır memleket hasreti çekiyor. He has been longing for his home town for years.
hasret çekmek “to long”; for whom: dative, sana hasretim .
keyif mood, pleasure Noun B1 Bugün keyfim çok yerinde. I am in a really good mood today.
The i drops before an ending: keyfim , keyfi .
moral morale, spirits Noun B1 Sınav kötü geçti, moralim bozuk. The exam went badly, I am feeling down.
The l is front: morali , not moralı .
hayran admiring; fan Noun B1 Bu yazarın eski bir hayranıyım. I am a long-time fan of this author.
-e hayran olmak “to admire”.
özgüven self-confidence Noun B1 Yeni işinde özgüveni arttı. Her self-confidence has grown in her new job.
Adjective (29)
Grammar for these: The adjective comes first and stays the same · Bigger and biggest: “daha” and “en”
gergin tense, nervous Adjective B1 Toplantıda herkes çok gergindi. Everyone was very tense in the meeting.
tedirgin uneasy, worried Adjective B1 Annem telefonu açmayınca tedirgin oldum. When my mother did not answer the phone, I got worried.
neşeli cheerful Adjective B1 Komşumuz her sabah neşeli bir şekilde selam veriyor. Our neighbour says hello cheerfully every morning.
hüzünlü sad, melancholy Adjective B1 Bu şarkı çok hüzünlü. This song is very sad.
kırgın hurt, offended Adjective B1 Doğum günümü unuttuğu için ona kırgınım. I am hurt because he forgot my birthday.
With whom: dative, ona kırgınım .
mahcup embarrassed, ashamed Adjective B1 Adını hatırlamayınca çok mahcup oldum. When I could not remember his name I was very embarrassed.
minnettar grateful Adjective B1 Bana yardım ettiğin için sana minnettarım. I am grateful to you for helping me.
umutlu hopeful Adjective B1 Doktorun sözlerinden sonra daha umutluyuz. After what the doctor said, we are more hopeful.
umutsuz hopeless Adjective B1 Durum umutsuz değil, bir çözüm buluruz. The situation is not hopeless, we will find a solution.
iyimser optimistic Adjective B1 Ablam her zaman iyimser bir insandır. My older sister is always an optimistic person.
kötümser pessimistic Adjective B1 Bu konuda neden bu kadar kötümsersin? Why are you so pessimistic about this?
cömert generous Adjective B1 Dedem çok cömertti, herkese yardım ederdi. My grandfather was very generous, he helped everyone.
cimri mean, stingy Adjective B1 O kadar cimri ki bir çay bile ısmarlamıyor. He is so mean he will not even buy you a tea.
bencil selfish Adjective B1 Sadece kendini düşünme, bu çok bencilce. Do not think only of yourself, that is very selfish.
kaba rude, rough Adjective B1 Garsona kaba davranmak hiç hoş değil. Being rude to the waiter is not nice at all.
inatçı stubborn Adjective B1 Kardeşim çok inatçı, fikrini kolay değiştirmez. My brother is very stubborn, he does not change his mind easily.
alıngan touchy, easily offended Adjective B1 Şaka yaptım, bu kadar alıngan olma. I was joking, do not be so touchy.
sabırsız impatient Adjective B1 Çocuklar tatil için çok sabırsız. The children are very impatient for the holidays.
kıskanç jealous, envious Adjective B1 Erkek arkadaşı biraz kıskanç. Her boyfriend is a bit jealous.
güvenilir reliable, trustworthy Adjective B1 Mehmet güvenilir biri, ona anahtarı verebilirsin. Mehmet is reliable, you can give him the key.
sorumsuz irresponsible Adjective B1 Çocuğu arabada yalnız bırakmak çok sorumsuzca. Leaving the child alone in the car is very irresponsible.
düşünceli thoughtful, considerate Adjective B1 Çiçek getirmen çok düşünceli bir davranış. It is very thoughtful of you to bring flowers.
duygusal emotional Adjective B1 Düğünde babam çok duygusal bir konuşma yaptı. At the wedding my father made a very emotional speech.
hassas sensitive Adjective B1 Cildim güneşe karşı çok hassas. My skin is very sensitive to the sun.
soğukkanlı calm, cool-headed Adjective B1 Kazadan sonra soğukkanlı davranıp ambulansı aradı. After the accident he kept calm and called the ambulance.
Literally “cold-blooded” — but here a compliment.
yardımsever helpful Adjective B1 Yeni komşularımız çok yardımsever. Our new neighbours are very helpful.
konuşkan talkative Adjective B1 Taksi şoförü çok konuşkandı. The taxi driver was very talkative.
şımarık spoilt; cheeky Adjective B1 Torununu çok seviyor ama onu biraz şımarık yetiştirdi. She loves her grandson very much, but she has spoilt him a bit.
sinir bozucu annoying Adjective B1 Bu gürültü gerçekten sinir bozucu. This noise is really annoying.
Phrase (1)
canı sıkılmak to be bored; to be upset Phrase B1 Bu habere çok canım sıkıldı. This news really upset me.
The possessive shows who is affected: canım , canın , canı .
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This list belongs to Family, people and feelings — five lists and 210 words that can also be practised as a whole.
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