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N4  ·  36 words

Jobs and work in Japanese

What people do for a living, and the first words of working life.

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From these 36 words, as many per round as you like — up to all of them: first what is due today, then new ones. First you choose, then you fill the gap, then you write it yourself. Mistakes come back again shortly.

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Many job words are built with a suffix: 〜員(いん) for a member of staff (会社員(かいしゃいん), 店員(てんいん), 駅員(えきいん)) and 〜家(か) for someone with a craft or an art (音楽家(おんがくか), 漫画家(まんがか)). Asked what they do, people in Japan often name the place rather than the job: 銀行(ぎんこう)で働(はたら)いています, "I work at a bank". A job followed by をしています says what someone works as: コックをしています.

The words

Verb (1)

働(はたら)くto workVerbN5
姉(あね)は病院(びょういん)で働(はたら)いています。My older sister works at a hospital.

The workplace takes で.

Noun (34)

仕事(しごと)work; jobNounN5
お仕事(しごと)は何(なん)ですか。What do you do for a living?

With お when you ask about somebody else's work.

会社(かいしゃ)company; the officeNounN5
会社(かいしゃ)まで電車(でんしゃ)で一時間(いちじかん)かかります。It takes an hour by train to get to the office.
会社員(かいしゃいん)company employee; office workerNounN5
兄(あに)は会社員(かいしゃいん)です。My older brother works for a company.

The plain answer to "what do you do?" for anyone with an office job.

サラリーマンsalaried worker; office workerNounN5
父(ちち)は普通(ふつう)のサラリーマンです。My father is an ordinary office worker.

Made in Japan from English "salary" and "man", and mostly used of men.

主人(しゅじん)owner (of a shop or inn); husbandNounN4
この店(みせ)のご主人(しゅじん)はとても親切(しんせつ)です。The owner of this shop is very kind.

Also a husband: 主人(しゅじん) for your own, ご主人(しゅじん) for someone else's; many now prefer 夫(おっと) for their own.

医者(いしゃ)doctorNounN5
熱(ねつ)が高(たか)いので、医者(いしゃ)に行(い)きます。I have a high temperature, so I am going to the doctor.

In conversation, often お医者(いしゃ)さん; addressed as 先生(せんせい).

店員(てんいん)shop assistant; member of staffNounN5
分(わ)からないときは、店員(てんいん)さんに聞(き)いてください。If you are not sure, please ask a member of staff.
銀行員(ぎんこういん)bank employeeNounN5
姉(あね)の夫(おっと)は銀行員(ぎんこういん)です。My older sister's husband works in a bank.
駅員(えきいん)station attendantNounN4
駅員(えきいん)さんに電車(でんしゃ)の時間(じかん)を聞(き)きました。I asked a station attendant about train times.
郵便局員(ゆうびんきょくいん)post-office workerNounN4
郵便局員(ゆうびんきょくいん)さんが荷物(にもつ)を届(とど)けてくれました。The post-office worker delivered the parcel to us.
警察署(けいさつしょ)police stationNounN4
兄(あに)は駅(えき)の近(ちか)くの警察署(けいさつしょ)に勤(つと)めています。My older brother works at the police station near the station.

The small local police post on a street corner is a 交番(こうばん).

警察官(けいさつかん)police officerNounN4
大学(だいがく)を出(で)て、警察官(けいさつかん)になりました。After university I became a police officer.

The official word; in everyday speech, おまわりさん.

おまわりさんpolice officer (friendly)NounN5
道(みち)が分(わ)からなかったので、おまわりさんに聞(き)きました。I did not know the way, so I asked a police officer.

Literally "the one who goes round"; a warm, everyday word.

コックcook; chefNounN5
兄(あに)はレストランでコックをしています。My older brother works as a cook in a restaurant.
ウェイターwaiterNounN4
ウェイターに水(みず)を頼(たの)みました。I asked the waiter for some water.
ウェイトレスwaitressNounN4
ウェイトレスがメニューを持(も)ってきました。The waitress brought the menu.
アルバイトpart-time job; side jobNounN5
大学生(だいがくせい)のとき、本屋(ほんや)でアルバイトをしていました。When I was at university I had a part-time job in a bookshop.

From German Arbeit; often shortened to バイト.

サインsignature; autographNounN4
ここにサインをお願(ねが)いします。Please sign here.

Also a verb, サインする. Many official forms want a seal, はんこ, instead.

主婦(しゅふ)housewife; homemakerNounN4
母(はは)は主婦(しゅふ)です。My mother is a homemaker.
ガイドguideNounN4
日本語(にほんご)のできるガイドを探(さが)しています。I am looking for a guide who speaks Japanese.
スタッフstaffNounN4
この店(みせ)のスタッフは全部(ぜんぶ)で十人(じゅうにん)です。This shop has ten staff in all.
モデルmodelNounN4
姉(あね)の友達(ともだち)はモデルをしています。A friend of my older sister's works as a model.
アイドルpop idolNounN4
あのアイドルは歌(うた)もダンスも上手(じょうず)です。That pop idol is good at both singing and dancing.
音楽家(おんがくか)musicianNounN4
祖父(そふ)は音楽家(おんがくか)でした。My grandfather was a musician.
パン屋(や)bakery; bakerNounN5
パン屋(や)さんの朝(あさ)はとても早(はや)いです。A baker's day starts very early.

Like every 〜屋(や), both the shop and the person who runs it; the person, politely, is パン屋(や)さん.

魚屋(さかなや)fishmonger's; fishmongerNounN5
魚屋(さかなや)さんにおいしい魚(さかな)を選(えら)んでもらいました。The fishmonger picked out a good fish for me.
カメラマンphotographer; cameramanNounN4
結婚式(けっこんしき)でカメラマンに写真(しゃしん)を撮(と)ってもらいました。We had a photographer take pictures at the wedding.
プロprofessionalNounN4
兄(あに)はプロのサッカー選手(せんしゅ)です。My older brother is a professional footballer.

Short for プロフェッショナル.

メモnote; memoNounN4
大事(だいじ)なことはメモしておいてください。Please make a note of anything important.

Also a verb, メモする; a notebook is ノート.

コンピューターcomputerNounN4
仕事(しごと)では一日中(いちにちじゅう)コンピューターを使(つか)います。At work I use a computer all day.

Also written コンピュータ; the one on your desk is usually a パソコン.

リーダーleaderNounN4
山田(やまだ)さんはこのチームのリーダーです。Yamada-san is the leader of this team.
ラッシュアワーrush hourNounN4
ラッシュアワーの電車(でんしゃ)はとても混(こ)んでいます。Trains in the rush hour are very crowded.

Often just ラッシュ.

お休(やす)みday off; holiday (polite)NounN5
すみません、明日(あした)はお休(やす)みをいただきます。Excuse me, I will be taking tomorrow off.

The polite form of 休(やす)み; on a shop door it means closed. Said on its own at night, おやすみ is "good night".

オフィスofficeNounN4
新(あたら)しいオフィスはとても明(あか)るいです。The new office is very bright.

na-adjective (1)

大変(たいへん)hard; tough; veryna-adjectiveN5
看護師(かんごし)の仕事(しごと)は大変(たいへん)です。A nurse's job is hard work.

Before an adjective it simply means "very": 大変(たいへん)忙(いそが)しい.

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This list belongs to Work and jobs — nine lists and 356 words that can also be practised as a whole.

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