The nouns that hold an explanation together: aims, conditions, criteria, sides and limits.
Practise this list
From these 40 words, as many per round as you like — up to all of them: first what is due today, then new ones. First you choose, then you fill the gap, then you write it yourself. Mistakes come back again shortly.
More about this list
Nearly all of these are two-syllable Sino-Korean nouns, and they come with fixed verbs that are worth learning with them: 영향을 주다 or 영향을 미치다, “to influence”; 책임을 지다, “to take responsibility”; 기회를 놓치다, “to miss a chance”. Several turn up after a noun as if they were grammar: 비용 측면에서, “in terms of cost”, 초등학생을 대상으로, “aimed at primary school children”.
The words
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Noun (40)
가치value; worthNoun4
이 그림은 돈으로 따질 수 없는 가치가 있어요.This painting has a value that cannot be measured in money.
의미meaning; significanceNoun3
이 단어는 상황에 따라 의미가 달라져요.This word changes its meaning depending on the situation.
Also “point, sense”: 의미가 없어요, “there is no point”.
목적purpose; aimNoun4
이번 여행의 목적은 푹 쉬는 거예요.The purpose of this trip is to have a good rest.
The reason for doing something; a target you reach is 목표.
목표goal; targetNoun3
우리 팀은 이번 달 목표를 일주일 일찍 달성했어요.Our team reached this month’s target a week early.
영향influence; effectNoun4
어릴 때 읽은 책이 제 진로에 큰 영향을 주었어요.A book I read as a child had a big influence on my choice of career.
영향을 주다 or 미치다, to influence; 영향을 받다, to be influenced.
상황situation; circumstancesNoun3
지금 상황에서는 기다리는 수밖에 없어요.In the current situation, all we can do is wait.
조건condition; termsNoun4
좋은 조건으로 계약을 하게 돼서 기뻐요.I am glad we got to sign the contract on good terms.
기회opportunity; chanceNoun3
이번 기회에 운동을 시작해 보려고 해요.I am going to take this opportunity to start exercising.
능력ability; capabilityNoun4
그는 여러 가지 일을 동시에 처리하는 능력이 뛰어나요.He is very good at handling several things at once.
책임responsibilityNoun4
이번 실수는 제 책임이니까 제가 해결할게요.This mistake is my responsibility, so I will sort it out.
책임을 지다, to take responsibility.
효과effect; effectivenessNoun4
새로 바꾼 광고가 생각보다 효과가 좋았어요.The new advertisement worked better than we expected.
Both [효과] and [효꽈] are standard; most people say [효꽈].
방식way; manner; methodNoun4
사람마다 스트레스를 푸는 방식이 달라요.Everyone has a different way of relieving stress.
수단meansNoun4
돈은 목적이 아니라 수단일 뿐이에요.Money is only a means, not an end.
의의significance; meaningNoun4
이번 대회는 여러 나라 선수들이 처음으로 함께 참가했다는 데 의의가 있어요.This competition is significant in that athletes from many countries took part together for the first time.
범위range; scopeNoun4
시험 범위가 너무 넓어서 다 공부하지 못했어요.The exam covered so much that I could not study all of it.
규모scale; sizeNoun4
이번 축제는 작년보다 규모가 훨씬 커졌어요.This year’s festival is on a much bigger scale than last year’s.
비중share; weight; proportionNoun4
우리 집 지출에서 식비가 차지하는 비중이 가장 커요.Food takes up the largest share of our household spending.
역할role; partNoun4
그 배우는 이번 영화에서 의사 역할을 맡았어요.That actor plays a doctor in this film.
Said [여칼].
특징characteristic; featureNoun4
이 지역 음식의 특징은 맛이 순하다는 거예요.What characterises the food of this region is its mild flavour.
본질essence; the heart of somethingNoun4
문제의 본질을 모르면 제대로 해결할 수 없어요.If you do not understand the heart of the problem, you cannot solve it properly.
전제premise; preconditionNoun4
이 계획은 예산이 늘어난다는 전제에서 세운 거예요.This plan was drawn up on the premise that the budget would increase.
원칙principle; ruleNoun4
저는 빌린 돈은 바로 갚는다는 원칙이 있어요.I have a rule of paying back borrowed money right away.
요소element; factorNoun4
좋은 영화가 되려면 여러 요소가 잘 어울려야 해요.For a film to be good, many elements have to work well together.
측면side; aspectNoun4
이 계획은 비용 측면에서 보면 문제가 있어요.Seen from the cost side, this plan has a problem.
After a noun: 건강 측면에서, “in terms of health”.
비결secret; knackNoun4
할머니께 건강의 비결을 여쭤봤어요.I asked my grandmother the secret of her good health.
형태form; shapeNoun4
물은 온도에 따라 형태가 바뀌어요.Water changes form depending on the temperature.
구조structure; layoutNoun4
이 아파트는 구조가 좋아서 실제보다 넓어 보여요.This flat has a good layout, so it looks bigger than it really is.
수준level; standardNoun4
이 책은 초보자에게는 수준이 너무 높아요.This book is too advanced for beginners.
여건conditions; circumstancesNoun4
경제적 여건이 안 돼서 유학을 포기했어요.I could not afford it, so I gave up the idea of studying abroad.
Said [여껀].
대안alternativeNoun4
지금 계획이 안 되면 다른 대안을 찾아야 해요.If the current plan does not work, we will have to find an alternative.
취지purpose; intent; the pointNoun4
이 행사의 취지는 동네 주민들이 서로 친해지는 거예요.The point of this event is for local residents to get to know each other.
맥락contextNoun4
이 문장은 앞뒤 맥락을 봐야 정확한 뜻을 알 수 있어요.You have to look at the context to understand exactly what this sentence means.
한계limit; limitationNoun4
혼자 하기에는 한계가 있어서 친구에게 도움을 청했어요.There was only so much I could do alone, so I asked a friend for help.
전망outlook; prospects; viewNoun4
그 분야는 앞으로 전망이 밝아서 지원자가 많아요.That field has bright prospects, so there are many applicants.
Also a view from a window: 전망이 좋은 방.
중요성importanceNoun4
아프고 나서야 건강의 중요성을 깨달았어요.Only after falling ill did I realise how important health is.
Said [중요썽].
경향tendency; trendNoun4
사람들은 바쁠수록 간단한 음식을 찾는 경향이 있어요.The busier people are, the more they tend to look for simple food.
After a clause: -는 경향이 있다, “to tend to”.
현실realityNoun4
꿈과 현실은 다를 때가 많아요.Dreams and reality are often different.
동기motive; motivationNoun4
그가 한국어를 배우게 된 동기는 한국 친구였어요.What first got him learning Korean was a Korean friend.
Also someone from the same year or intake, a different word: 대학 동기.
대상target; object; the people something is forNoun4
이 프로그램은 초등학생을 대상으로 만들어졌어요.This programme was made for primary school children.
학생을 대상으로, aimed at students.
의도intentionNoun4
상처를 줄 의도는 없었는데 미안해요.I did not mean to hurt you; I am sorry.
